^ a b / pʰ/ (written as ⟨ ফ⟩) is phonetically realised as either or a fricative.^ a b c d Palato-alveolar affricates and, and and can also be pronounced as alveolo-palatal affricates and, and and.^ may occur as an allophone of / n/ in conjuncts with other retroflex letters as it was the original sound for the letter ণ while in other words it is pronounced as like with the letter ন.In other dialects, they are fronted to apico-alveolar. They are apical postalveolar in Western Dialects.

^ True retroflex ( murdhonno) consonants are not found in Bengali.

However, the phonemic status of /æ̃/ and /ɔ̃/ is disputed because there are no minimal pairs involving them and their oral counterparts.

^ a b Bengali is usually said to have 7 nasal vowels.

^ /a/ is phonetically realised as a near-open central vowel by most speakers.

^ /ʌ/ may be used in some English loanwords, though it is more commonly replaced by /a/ or /ɔ/.

Example: The word নোংরা (meaning 'foul') is pronounced as /nʊŋra/ and /noŋra/ (Romanized as both nungra and nongra), both. In modern Bengali, both the ancient and adopted pronunciation of ও can be heard. ^ / o/, represented by the letter ও, was originally pronounced as, though entered Bengali phonology by Sanskrit influence.may also occur as an allophone of /e/ for some speakers, especially in loan words from English. ^ a b c /æ/ is usually pronounced as a near-open but may also be pronounced and transcribed in IPA as open-mid, depending on the speaker or variety.^ a b c When preceding a vowel in word-initial positions, may occur as an allophone of /o/ and /u/, especially in loan words e.g.^ The phonetic quality of /u/ may also be a fully back near-close rounded vowel.In the tables below, the sounds are given in IPA.Īlthough the standard form of Bengali is largely uniform across West Bengal and Bangladesh, there are a few sounds that vary in pronunciation (in addition to the myriad variations in non-standard dialects): Phonemically, Bengali features 29 consonants, 7 oral vowels, and up to 7 nasalized vowels. Phonemic inventory Standard Bangladeshi Bengali vowel chart, from Khan (2010:222) The phonology of Bengali, like that of its neighbouring Eastern Indo-Aryan languages, is characterised by a wide variety of diphthongs and inherent back vowels (both / o/ and / ɔ/). For the distinction between, / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).

Hindi bengali alphabet comparison